Global Warming:
The possibility of Global Warming can be neutralized by natural process of rain/snow as floating atmospheric gas particles goes down and relieve atmosphere temporarily. Also any Greenhouse issue may have negligible effect at night time and minimal in winter season. We may agree to lower CO and CO2 emission from all kinds of fuel burning systems and industries, but these gases were present in the air since centuries with the life of mankind and are not real cause of the problem.
Is Ice melting in Polar Regions, is caused only by Global Warming factor?
My answer is
not positive.
Atmospheric chemical effect:
As we know the Ice melting point is 0 Degree Celsius and below this temperature should be solid Ice.
An average global temperature rise of less than 1 Degree Celsius is reported since last 100 years, but this may not be the only factor for losing Ice in coldest areas. The coldest areas usually have temperature "in minus or near minus" on most of the seasons. If some areas lose Ice in summer then it gets make-up in winter. As coldest area tends to have short summer and long winter so the chances are, the Ice accumulated should be more than the amount lost.
If Ice melting is seen below 0 Degree Celsius, then Global warming caused by CO and CO2 gases is out of question. The presence of some chemical gases may be the cause of de-icing in coldest areas, which may continue even at freezing temperatures.
Practically the secret of Ice melting in coldest areas may be hidden behind Temperature Freezing formulas and its variables, not only the temperature itself.
The freezing Point `T` of rain/snow water having some atmospheric impurities may be found by the following
T = Tp + Tf
Where `Tf` is freezing point depression and `Tp` is freezing point of pure water.
Freezing point depression `Tf` depends on, the number of moles of impurity "m" in rain/snow, and the number of ions " I " present in that mixture.
Tf =K f x I x m
Where ? Kf ? is the "freezing point depression constant" for the solvent(water).
If we apply the formula to the gases/chemicals present in atmospheres that come down with rain/snow, we find the melting point of polluted Ice may be lower. On the glance freezing point may be directly proportional to impurity concentration and de-Icing may depend on impurity amount and their ionization factor in rain/snow. In some cases the air chemicals may lower the freezing point to double digits and it may be severe with the presence of Greenhouse effect. Since advancements in science/chemistry that has introduced different organic/inorganic compounds of Sulfur/Nitrogen and others. These chemicals in gaseous form are creating worst climate situation when liberated through industries. The high concentration of Nitrogen/Sulfur/Chlorine compounds in air may lower Freezing point in polar region. Someone may ask, which kind of atmospheric gases/chemicals are the worst to lower Ice freezing point? I say, we may need more research using same "Freezing Point Formula". So instead of monitoring temperature difference and "Greenhouse Effect" in Artic area, we need to measure impurity concentration and type of chemicals present in Ice. We also need to calculate PH levels and ionic properties of those substances.
The snowfall having impurities may not be stable or last longer and may tend to melt even on colder temperatures below freezing point. This melted water may produce Ice cracks and penetrate further from top layer to bottom making uncontrollable situation. The result could be large chunks of iceberg or town size isolated icy area that eventually dislodge from territory and float to the ocean.
Cushioning Effect:
Finally if cold areas start to lose Ice, then they may not be able to provide enough " Temperature Cushioning " to neighboring relative hot areas. This means sufficient cold air may not be available to ease hot temperatures in surroundings, instead hot air flowing to cold areas may result more damage to icy regions.
Ocean level Analysis:
Are ocean levels on the rise? Do the Math.
In this article we will estimate and try to calculate Ocean level changes after huge portions of Ice starts melting in cold areas like Greenland. A graphical view may show more clear analysis for the climate change impact.
Greenland is reported to have approx. 2 km Ice thickness and we may assume an average Ice layer depth of 1.5 km.
Assuming " H " being height of Ice melted in Greenland and that cause an increased height " X " in the Ocean.
Ocean's added volume calculation
Earth's total Ocean Area = 361,419,000 km^2
Total Volume of ocean rise = Area x height= 361,419,000 x X km^3
Greenland volume calculation
Now Total area of Greenland ICE = 1,710,000 km^2
and Total volume of Greenland ICE = 1,710,000 x H
We use Ice to water conversion factor 0.9174 as follows
1 volume of ice = 0.9174 volume of water
Total Volume of water created by Greenland ICE = 0.9174 x H x 1,710,000 km^3
Equating the volume of Greenland water to Boosted Ocean level
0.9174 x H x 1,710,000 = 361,419,000 x X
X= 0.9174 x H x1,710,000/361,419,000 km
X = H x 0.004340 km
Now we will plot a graph for melting ice, if it lose thickness from 100 meters to 1500 meters versus Ocean level boost.
Ice Volume to Water Level Calculation
|
| S.N |
Greenland Ice Thickness "H" in KM |
Ocean level rise "X" in Meters |
Ocean level rise "X" in Feet |
| 1 | 0.1 | 0.43 | 1.41 |
| 2 | 0.2 | 0.87 | 2.85 |
| 3 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 4.26 |
| 4 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 5.57 |
| 5 | 0.5 | 2.2 | 7.21 |
| 6 | 0.6 | 2.6 | 8.53 |
| 7 | 0.7 | 3.0 | 9.84 |
| 8 | 0.8 | 3.5 | 11.48 |
| 9 | 0.9 | 3.9 | 12.79 |
| 10 | 1 | 4.3 | 14.10 |
| 11 | 1.1 | 4.8 | 15.74 |
| 12 | 1.2 | 5.2 | 17.06 |
| 13 | 1.3 | 5.6 | 18.37 |
| 14 | 1.4 | 6.1 | 20.01 |
| 15 | 1.5 | 6.5 | 21.32 |
Aftermath:
We have just calculated the Ocean level boost due to possible Greenland Ice melting. Analysis shows Ocean level may raise up to 21 feet if all Greenland Ice disappears. The question is, what will happen if all the ice or most of the ice on other areas of North/South melts. Obviously it may result tremendous expansion of Ocean areas. Some area may have tsunami and constant flooding or may disappear underwater. Secondly a considerable amount of regional load may shift from north/south towards the Equator. It may or may not change Earth's axis and result underground Earth movements or frequent Earthquakes. This is just my general point of view about changes on the ground that may appear after 50 to 100 years.
Bottom line is, following basic factors may cause accelerated Ice melting in Earth's coldest regions.
(1) Greenhouse effect.
(2) Atmospheric chemical effect.
(3) Shrinking of cold areas causing temperature regulation issue or cushioning effect.
Safe Guard:
(i) Our world needs to adopt/produce solar energy and use wind/water force to create clean Electricity.
(ii) Forest life and trees have to be protected. The proper balance on cutting trees and re-planting them is very crucial. We may cut fast growing trees instead of slow growing ones. The seeds may be engineered for accelerated performance and output.
(iii) Natural atmosphere usually contains dust/pollen/CO2/CO, but now-days it is further polluted by chemicals/asbestos/fiberglass particles. So heavy breathing while jogging may result more harm to lungs instead of better health. We should stop using asbestos and avoid producing air borne Fiberglass material that is used in homes floors/walls/pipes and in car roofs (only exception is hard fiberglass material that may be ok). The exhaust gases/chemicals from industries should be captured in Dust Collector or Water Sprayer systems for recycling and further treatments.
If possible, atmosphere of specific areas may be periodically tested for asbestos/fiberglass particles count. If the fiber count readings are increasing day by day, then situation is alarming. This means Earth's air/water is building up contamination that may be impossible to reverse in some cases.
(iv) Town authorities may need a different approach for garbage control. They should build warehouses to store used furniture and Electronics. Sometimes moving persons drop " like new " items in garbage. Instead these items should be picked up by town officials for free and to be sold to other customers. All other used items may need repairs or re-cycle. The re-cycle companies may disassemble parts and components. Also used Electronics in fair condition may be exported for suitable price that favors both buyer and seller. This will result more hiring and help for environment and economy. These efforts will result, less garbage burning and less waste for landfill/ocean.
Extra Care:
(a) Electronic items contain lead and need to re-cycle properly. If placed in garbage, may spread lead poisoning in water system and to the surrounding Environment.
(b) Oceans are not only polluted by chemicals but it may contain fraction of dumped nuclear waste. In future, fish shops may keep Geiger counter to find/discard radioactive fish otherwise it may be harmful to health that may result to develop cancer.
If we think 200 years ago when population and resources were in control, the wild life were persevered as there were not sophisticated hunting guns were present to kill animals, the forests were preserved as the were no sophisticated equipments invented on that era to cut trees in bulk quantities in less time and to transport then quickly as compared to now-a-days.
Now the diminishing of forest and wild life is not only threatening the various animal species and the jungle system but it may cause less rain and drought.
? Local
The Local Environment issues are the situation around us, in our towns and streets and houses even in the car. We have to first recognize the problems around us then look for possible solutions.
We have to eliminate the use of Asbestos around us and also have to limit use of fiber Glass in house insulations and Car inner roof tops. More specifically every one knows the key issue but there is no concrete steps are taken to solve the situation, the least example is to limit the use of plastic bags in shopping centers. I could think 1% shoppers use there own bag even they know plastic bag is hurting environments. The big countries have Landfill and small and poor countries are burning the Garbage. Both are not the right solution.
?Land Fill Management
- The plastic bags should be abandoned and environment green bags to be used.
- Town Management should warehouse left over construction materials/Furnitures/Electronics to be picked by needy personals.
- Cars and all Electronics to be recycled or exported free or priced.
- Electronics or cars may also be re-cycled by same company who made it.
- Metals should not be sent to landfill.
- Garbage should be passed through a long furnace tunnel with sea water sprinkles at the end chambers then use same water to trap gases and then send left over garbage to landfill and exhausted water to water treatment facility.
?Extra Suggestions:
- Dry leaves and grass may be used to make paper/card boards etc instead of dumping. Dry leaves/grass is also supposed to be one of the cause of forest fires.
- Bottle machines should except all kinds of bottles, or accept them free the non accepted ones.
- Nuclear waste should be recycled.
- Stores should not be selling the items that are not durable.
- Excessive and unnecessary shopping increase the garbage/wastage, think about all the stores stuff eventually ends at Landfill.
- We have to restore and preserve forest otherwise rain fall may diminish causing droughts. We may also plant fast growing trees in the forest and in community.
- Regular shoes should be avoided in excessive rain and water as it may damage shoes, also umbrella should be avoided in rain with winds instead rain dress is another solution otherwise umbrella may break after one time use.
- Plastic disposable should be avoided to use in regular life unless very necessary or to be used in party.
- Bus metro cards should be recyclable, should not have expiry, re-charging the card should be encouraged.
- Re-chargable batteries should be used extensively to avoid battery pile ups in landfills.
- Printers should be using standard ink cartriges and should be re-fillable. Printer companies should supply inks to be filled.
- The stuff should not be garbaged when the store closes rather it should be sent to the Main Warehouse
Of Respected Town for resupply in the market.
- The height of Ocean will increase gradually due to melting of ice and garbage dumping. We are not taking much stuff out from Ocean in form of fishing as much we dump stuff to it.
- In any case the store should not throw new items to the garbage, instead it should be sent for charity.
- All the landlords should be responsible to keep the stuff off leaving tenents.It should not be sent to the garbage unless in bad shape or not useable, should supply the same residents furnished to the next tenent or sell the stuff at his convenience, this unneccessary disposal should not be sent to the land fills
References:
http://www.nc-climate.ncsu.edu/edu/k12/.GreenhouseEffect
http://www.global-greenhouse-warming.com/global-temperature.html
http://www.foothill.edu/attach/psme/sinha.FPDepression.pdf
http://www.mothertrip.com/hard-life-on-melting-greenland/
http://www.worldatlas.com/aatlas/infopage/oceans.htm
http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/122Adensityice.html
http://www.gizmag.com/substitute-found-for-lead-used-in-electronics/15395/
http://www.chartgo.com/modify.do
http://www.metric-conversions.org/length/meters-to-feet.htm
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